corpus luteum- Anatomy, Zoology. a ductless gland developed within the ovary by the reorganization of a Graafian follicle following ovulation
Epididymis- an elongated organ on the posterior surface of a testis that constitutes the convoluted beginning of the vas deferens.
gonad - a sex gland in which gametes are produced; an ovary or testis.
Meiosis - The process in cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes from diploid to haploid
Oocyte - A cell from which an egg or ovum develops by meiosis; a female gametocyte.
Ovary - the female reproductive gland.
placenta – A sac-shaped organ that attaches the embryo or fetus to the uterus during pregnancy
Scrotum – The external pouch that contains the testes.
seminiferous tubule - any of the coiled tubules of the testis in which spermatozoa are produced.
Testis - The reproductive gland in a male
Vulva - the external female genitalia.
Blastocyst
Embryo - An organism in its early stages of development
Fetus The unborn offspring at the later stages of its development
Implantation - The embedding of the fertilized egg in the endometrium of the uterus.
lactation - Secretion or formation of milk by the mammary glands
umbilical cord - the cord that connects the fetus to the maternal placenta, providing nutrients and removing wastes
yolk sac - where the embryo develops
zygote - A cell formed by the union of two gametes
ultrasound
Monday, December 17, 2007
Hormonal Control of the Menstrual Cycle Worksheet
What is a hormone? Chemicals that are produced in one part of the body and used in another
What system is responsible for the production of hormones? The Endocrine System
Sketch a picture of the female reproductive system. Include the oviduct, ovaries, uterus, cervix and vagina.
Where does the embryo undergo most of its development? Uterus
What is another name for the fallopian tube? oviduct
Where does fertilization take place? fallopian tubes
What is ovulation? Changes that occur to the ovaries during the menstrual cycle
What is the follicle converted to? Corpus Luteum
What happens during the flow phase? Hormone production stops
What happens during the follicular phase? Follicle gets bigger and produces a hormone which makes uterus lining thicker.
What happens during the luteal phase? Follicle is converted into a corpus luteum
What happens to the uterine lining during the first phase? It sloughs
What are the four hormones that control the menstrual cycle? LH, FSH, Progestrerone, Estrogen
As FSH increases in concentration in the blood , the follicle is? Developing
When the follicle ruptures it releases what? Ova
What is considered the hormone of pregnancy? Progesterone
What is the rhythm method? Birth control in which you utry to anticipate the days of the ovulation
What do you call a couple using the rhythm method? parents
What is menopause? What causes it? The cessation of menstruation, The cessation of Lh.
When does fertilization occur? When the sperm and the ova combine in the oviducts
When is a zygote formed? When the sperm and the ova combine
What is a placenta? IT transfers material between the embyro and uterus
What system is responsible for the production of hormones? The Endocrine System
Sketch a picture of the female reproductive system. Include the oviduct, ovaries, uterus, cervix and vagina.
Where does the embryo undergo most of its development? Uterus
What is another name for the fallopian tube? oviduct
Where does fertilization take place? fallopian tubes
What is ovulation? Changes that occur to the ovaries during the menstrual cycle
What is the follicle converted to? Corpus Luteum
What happens during the flow phase? Hormone production stops
What happens during the follicular phase? Follicle gets bigger and produces a hormone which makes uterus lining thicker.
What happens during the luteal phase? Follicle is converted into a corpus luteum
What happens to the uterine lining during the first phase? It sloughs
What are the four hormones that control the menstrual cycle? LH, FSH, Progestrerone, Estrogen
As FSH increases in concentration in the blood , the follicle is? Developing
When the follicle ruptures it releases what? Ova
What is considered the hormone of pregnancy? Progesterone
What is the rhythm method? Birth control in which you utry to anticipate the days of the ovulation
What do you call a couple using the rhythm method? parents
What is menopause? What causes it? The cessation of menstruation, The cessation of Lh.
When does fertilization occur? When the sperm and the ova combine in the oviducts
When is a zygote formed? When the sperm and the ova combine
What is a placenta? IT transfers material between the embyro and uterus
Tuesday, December 4, 2007
reproductive questions in text
1. List the general functions of the male reproductive system. Produce the male sex cells, to transport these cells to the female reproductive tract, and to secrete male sex hormones.
7. Outline the process of meiosis. Two divisions; First and Second Meiotic Divisions. The first meiotic division seperates homologous chromosome pairs. Each is replicated and consists of chromatids. Each cells that undergo the second meiotic division emerges with one member of each homogous pair, a condition termed haploid.
8. List two ways that meiosis provides genetic variability.
10. Describe a sperm cell. tadpole-shaped structure about .06 millimeters long.
11. Describe the epidiymis, and explain its function. A tightly coiled, thredlike tube about 6 meters long. It connects the seminiferous tubules of the testes to the vas deferens.
20. Explain the mechanism that produces an erection of the penis. The spinal cord releases the vasodilator nitric oxide, which causes the arteries leading to the penis to dialate, increasing blood flow into erectile tissues. Consequently, blood accumalates in the erectile tissues, and the penis swells and elongates, producing an erection.
29. List the general functions of the female reproductive system. To produce and maintain the female sex cells, transport these cells to the site of fertalization, to provide a favorable environment for a developing offspring, to move offspring to the outside, and to produce female sex hormones.
33. Describe the structure of an ovary. The ovaries are subdivided into a medulla and a cortex, medulla composed of connective tissue, blood vessels, lymphatic vessesls,& nerves, the cortex contains ovarian follicles & is covered by cuboidal epithelium.
38. Define ovulation. The release of an oocyte from an ovary.
40. Describe the structure of the uterus. A hollow,muscular organ, shaped somewhat like an inverted pear.
49. Define menstral cycle. Recurring changes in the uterine lining of a woman of reproducting age.
54. Describe the process of fertilization. The union of an egg cell and a sperm cell.
58. Discuss the events that occur during the birth process. Fetal head forced toward cervix, cervix is stretched, stretched receptors are stimulated, Reflex is elicited that causes stronger uterine contractions, fetus is moved downward
61. Define contraception. A behavior or device that prevents fertalization.
62. List several methods of contraception, and explain how each prevents pregnancy. Birth control pills they distrupt the normal pattern of gonadotrophin & prevent the surge in LH release that triggers ovulation, injection of depo alters uterine lining making it less hospitable for developing embryo, implants prevents ovulation like birth control pills.
63. List several sexual transmitted diseases. gonorrhea, chlamydia, & aids.
7. Outline the process of meiosis. Two divisions; First and Second Meiotic Divisions. The first meiotic division seperates homologous chromosome pairs. Each is replicated and consists of chromatids. Each cells that undergo the second meiotic division emerges with one member of each homogous pair, a condition termed haploid.
8. List two ways that meiosis provides genetic variability.
10. Describe a sperm cell. tadpole-shaped structure about .06 millimeters long.
11. Describe the epidiymis, and explain its function. A tightly coiled, thredlike tube about 6 meters long. It connects the seminiferous tubules of the testes to the vas deferens.
20. Explain the mechanism that produces an erection of the penis. The spinal cord releases the vasodilator nitric oxide, which causes the arteries leading to the penis to dialate, increasing blood flow into erectile tissues. Consequently, blood accumalates in the erectile tissues, and the penis swells and elongates, producing an erection.
29. List the general functions of the female reproductive system. To produce and maintain the female sex cells, transport these cells to the site of fertalization, to provide a favorable environment for a developing offspring, to move offspring to the outside, and to produce female sex hormones.
33. Describe the structure of an ovary. The ovaries are subdivided into a medulla and a cortex, medulla composed of connective tissue, blood vessels, lymphatic vessesls,& nerves, the cortex contains ovarian follicles & is covered by cuboidal epithelium.
38. Define ovulation. The release of an oocyte from an ovary.
40. Describe the structure of the uterus. A hollow,muscular organ, shaped somewhat like an inverted pear.
49. Define menstral cycle. Recurring changes in the uterine lining of a woman of reproducting age.
54. Describe the process of fertilization. The union of an egg cell and a sperm cell.
58. Discuss the events that occur during the birth process. Fetal head forced toward cervix, cervix is stretched, stretched receptors are stimulated, Reflex is elicited that causes stronger uterine contractions, fetus is moved downward
61. Define contraception. A behavior or device that prevents fertalization.
62. List several methods of contraception, and explain how each prevents pregnancy. Birth control pills they distrupt the normal pattern of gonadotrophin & prevent the surge in LH release that triggers ovulation, injection of depo alters uterine lining making it less hospitable for developing embryo, implants prevents ovulation like birth control pills.
63. List several sexual transmitted diseases. gonorrhea, chlamydia, & aids.
Monday, December 3, 2007
What is the purpose of the reproductive system? To reproduce
What is the function of the ovaries? produce ova and female hormones
What is the structure that connects the ovaries to the uterus? The fallopian tubes
What is the name of the lining of the uterus? endometrium
Name the three parts of the uterus and where they are located. Fundus, top, Body, middle, and cervix, bottom
What is the female organ of copulation? vagina
Sketch a picture of the female reproductive system. Include the following: bladder, ovary, uterus, fallopian tube, urethra, vagina.
What is the male organ of copulation? penis
What are the two functions of the urethra in the male? transport urine and semen
What are the two functions of the testes? Produce and secrete an endocrine substance
What is the name of the structure where the testes are located? scrotum
Why are the testes located outside the body? Body heat would kill the sperm
Where do sperm mature? epididymis
What is the vas deferens? tube that connects epididymis and ejaculatory duct
What is the structure that secretes and stores a fluid releases at the time of ejaculation? seminal vesicles
What are the functions of the prostate gland?protects sperm from harmful acid in the urethra and vagina.
What is semen? sperm
Sketch a picture of the male reproductive system. Include the following: penis, seminal vesicles, epididymis, cowper’s gland, testes, scrotum, vas deferens, urethra, prostate, ejaculatory duct. You guys will need to do this in paint. Sorry, but I am not there to get the drawings by hand.
What is the function of the ovaries? produce ova and female hormones
What is the structure that connects the ovaries to the uterus? The fallopian tubes
What is the name of the lining of the uterus? endometrium
Name the three parts of the uterus and where they are located. Fundus, top, Body, middle, and cervix, bottom
What is the female organ of copulation? vagina
Sketch a picture of the female reproductive system. Include the following: bladder, ovary, uterus, fallopian tube, urethra, vagina.
What is the male organ of copulation? penis
What are the two functions of the urethra in the male? transport urine and semen
What are the two functions of the testes? Produce and secrete an endocrine substance
What is the name of the structure where the testes are located? scrotum
Why are the testes located outside the body? Body heat would kill the sperm
Where do sperm mature? epididymis
What is the vas deferens? tube that connects epididymis and ejaculatory duct
What is the structure that secretes and stores a fluid releases at the time of ejaculation? seminal vesicles
What are the functions of the prostate gland?protects sperm from harmful acid in the urethra and vagina.
What is semen? sperm
Sketch a picture of the male reproductive system. Include the following: penis, seminal vesicles, epididymis, cowper’s gland, testes, scrotum, vas deferens, urethra, prostate, ejaculatory duct. You guys will need to do this in paint. Sorry, but I am not there to get the drawings by hand.
Wednesday, November 28, 2007
Basic urinary worksheet
What are three functions of the kidneys? filters all matter from blood not just waste, selectively reabsorbs all substances that the body can make use of, eliminates waste product in blood in the form of urine
What is the protective layer around the kidney? peri-renal capsule
What is the outer layer of the kidney? cortex
What is the urine collection system of the kidney? medulla
What is the dilated end of the ureters called? pelvis
What is the function of the bladder? to store urine
What transports urine in males? Females? urethra
What is the protective layer around the kidney? peri-renal capsule
What is the outer layer of the kidney? cortex
What is the urine collection system of the kidney? medulla
What is the dilated end of the ureters called? pelvis
What is the function of the bladder? to store urine
What transports urine in males? Females? urethra
Digestive System Worksheet
What is the digestive tract? a long tube with food first entering at the mouth.
What happens to undigested materials in the digestive tract? continues along the tube until it exits at the anus.
Sketch the path that food takes through the digestive tract. Be sure to include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, appendix, large intestine rectum, and all 4 sphincters.
What is the function of the mouth in the digestion process? food enters through the mouth
What is the term for the small mass of food that enters into the esophagus? bolus
What triggers peristalsis?
the presence of the bolus in the esophagus triggers peristalsis.
What is the function of the cardiac sphincter? closes the entrance of stomach to prevents food from reentering the esophagus
What is the mucous membrane? digestive tract
How long is the small intestine? 20 feet
Where does most digestion and absorption of nutrients take place? small intestine
What increase the surface area of the small intestine? villi
What is the first section of the small intestine? What is its function? duodenum. the receptors can detect the presence of hypo and hypertonic solutions.
Where is bile stored? gallbladder
What is segmentation? Grabbing a tube tightly at various places around the middle and squeezing so that its contents are broken into smaller pieces.
When does the ileocecal sphincter open? when the amount of food in the small intestine begins to build up, the sphincter opens to let it through.
What is the function of the anal sphincter? stops waste from leaving the body until you want it to.
What is the function of the appendix in humans? serves no apparent function and sometimes gets infected and has to removed.
Where does digestion begin? mouth
What is gastric juice made of? hydrochloric acid, and enzymes
Where are enzymes released in the small intestine produced? Pancreas
What is the function of the following enzymes: amylase, lactase, maltase, sucrase, and lipase? they break apart lactose, maltose and sucrose respectively
There are two ways that nutrients get into the blood stream. Describe each method. diffuse across the intestinal membrane and into the blood by flowing along the concentration gradient
What happens to undigested materials in the digestive tract? continues along the tube until it exits at the anus.
Sketch the path that food takes through the digestive tract. Be sure to include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, appendix, large intestine rectum, and all 4 sphincters.
What is the function of the mouth in the digestion process? food enters through the mouth
What is the term for the small mass of food that enters into the esophagus? bolus
What triggers peristalsis?
the presence of the bolus in the esophagus triggers peristalsis.
What is the function of the cardiac sphincter? closes the entrance of stomach to prevents food from reentering the esophagus
What is the mucous membrane? digestive tract
How long is the small intestine? 20 feet
Where does most digestion and absorption of nutrients take place? small intestine
What increase the surface area of the small intestine? villi
What is the first section of the small intestine? What is its function? duodenum. the receptors can detect the presence of hypo and hypertonic solutions.
Where is bile stored? gallbladder
What is segmentation? Grabbing a tube tightly at various places around the middle and squeezing so that its contents are broken into smaller pieces.
When does the ileocecal sphincter open? when the amount of food in the small intestine begins to build up, the sphincter opens to let it through.
What is the function of the anal sphincter? stops waste from leaving the body until you want it to.
What is the function of the appendix in humans? serves no apparent function and sometimes gets infected and has to removed.
Where does digestion begin? mouth
What is gastric juice made of? hydrochloric acid, and enzymes
Where are enzymes released in the small intestine produced? Pancreas
What is the function of the following enzymes: amylase, lactase, maltase, sucrase, and lipase? they break apart lactose, maltose and sucrose respectively
There are two ways that nutrients get into the blood stream. Describe each method. diffuse across the intestinal membrane and into the blood by flowing along the concentration gradient
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